Periodontics is the branch of dentistry focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the gums, periodontal ligament, cementum, and supporting bone around the teeth. It also involves the placement and maintenance of dental implants.

Main focus areas:

• Treatment of gingivitis & periodontitis

• Scaling and root planing (deep cleaning)

• Gum grafts and flap surgery

• Bone grafting for periodontal regeneration

• Crown lengthening

• Maintenance therapy for implants and gums

Common instruments & equipment in Periodontics:

• Periodontal probes – measure pocket depth

• Scalers & curettes – remove plaque and calculus

• Ultrasonic scalers – deep cleaning with vibration and water spray

• Periotomes – loosen teeth for extraction with minimal trauma

• Surgical knives – gingivectomy and flap procedures

• Microsurgical instruments – delicate gum surgeries

• Laser units – for periodontal therapy and pocket disinfection